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Acupuncture in Inflammatory Disease:
Use and Mechanisms
Lixing Lao, Ph.D., L.Ac.
Center for Integrative Medicine, Dept. of Family and Community Medicine University of Maryland Baltimore School of Medicine
520 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201


Acupuncture has been used clinically for inflammatory disorders and chronic pain in such diseases and symptoms as back pain, headaches, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, fibromyalgia, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Evidence-based medicine, as presented in clinical trials and systematic reviews with meta-analyses - including our own studies, show that acupuncture is effective in treating chronic inflammatory pain, and acupuncture¡¯s mechanisms of action on inflammation have been widely investigated over the last decade. Using a persistent inflammatory pain rat model, our laboratory investigated the effects and the mechanisms of electro-acupuncture (EA) on inflammation and inflammation-induced persistent pain. Our findings suggest that at least one of the mechanisms behind EA¡¯s anti-inflammatory effects is mediated by the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis; other mechanisms of these effects have also been reported and include the involvement of cytokines, cyclooxygenase (COX), opioids, and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptides (VIP).